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EPUB and EPDF available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. We tend to hold people responsible for their choices, but not for what they can't control: their nature, genes or biological makeup. This thought-provoking collection redefines the boundaries of moral responsibility. It shows how epigenetics reveals connections between our genetic make-up and our environment. The essays challenge established notions of human nature and the nature/nurture divide and suggest a shift in focus from individual to collective responsibility. Uncovering the links between our genetic makeup, environment and experiences, this is an important contribution to ongoing debates on ethics, genetics and responsibility.

SCIENCE / Philosophy & Social Aspects.

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The unity of science has been a widely discussed issue both in the philosophy of science and within several sciences. Reductionism has often been seen as the means of bringing the different sciences to a fundamental unity by reference to some basic science, but it shows many limitations. Multidisciplinarity and interdisciplinarity have also been proposed as methodologies for attaining unity without underestimating the diversity of the sciences. This volume starts with a clarification of the possible meanings of this unity and then discusses the features of the mentioned approaches to unity, evaluating the success and the shortcomings of the unification programme among different sciences and within a single science.

Reductionism --- Science --- Philosophy --- Reductionism - Congresses. --- Science - Philosophy - Congresses.

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This volume argues for a new image of science that understands both natural and social phenomena to be the product of mechanisms, casting the work of science as an effort to understand those mechanisms. Glennan offers an account of the nature of mechanisms and of the models used to represent them in physical, life, and social sciences.

Metaphysics --- Theory of knowledge --- SCIENCE / Philosophy & Social Aspects. --- Science --- Philosophy. --- Philosophy --- Mechanism (Philosophy) --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Science - Philosophy

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While philosophy of science has always been an integral part of philosophy, since the beginning of the twentieth century it has developed its own structure and its fair share of technical vocabulary and problems. Philosophy of Science A-Z gives concise, accurate and illuminating accounts of key positions, concepts, arguments and figures in the philosophy of science from A priori/a posteriori to Elie Zahar. It aids understanding of current debates, explains their historical development and connects them with broader philosophical issues. It presupposes little prior knowledge of philosophy of science and is equally useful to the beginner, the more advanced student and the general reader. Readers will find in it illuminating explanations, careful analysis, relevant examples, open problems and, last but not least, precise arguments. Philosophy of science is a flourishing discipline and Philosophy of Science A to Z is a practical and imaginative way into and through it.

Science --- Philosophy --- Terminology --- Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Encyclopedias. --- Terminology. --- Philosophie --- Encyclopédies --- Terminologie --- Natural sciences --- Science - Philosophy - Encyclopedias --- Science - Philosophy - Terminology

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What are the relationships between philosophy and the history of philosophy, the history of science and the philosophy of science? This selection of essays by Lorenz Krüger (1932-1994) presents exemplary studies on the philosophy of John Locke and Immanuel Kant, on the history of physics and on the scope and limitations of scientific explanation, and a realistic understanding of science and truth. In his treatment of leading currents in 20th century philosophy, Krüger presents new and original arguments for a deeper understanding of the continuity and dynamics of the development of scientific theory. These result in significant consequences for the claim of the sciences that they understand reality in a rational manner. The case studies are complemented by fundamental thoughts on the relationship between philosophy, science, and their common history. Wie sind Philosophie und Philosophiegeschichte, Wissenschaftsgeschichte und Wissenschaftstheorie aufeinander bezogen? Diese Auswahl von Essays von Lorenz Krüger (1932-1994) präsentiert exemplarische Studien zur Philosophie John Lockes und Immanuel Kants, zur Geschichte der Physik, sowie zu den Möglichkeiten und Grenzen wissenschaftlicher Erklärung und einer realistischen Auffassung von Wissenschaft und Wahrheit. In Auseinandersetzung mit führenden philosophischen Richtungen des 20. Jahrhunderts präsentiert Krüger neue und originelle Argumente für ein vertieftes Verständnis von Kontinuität und Dynamik wissenschaftlicher Theorieentwicklung. Daraus ergeben sich bedeutsame Konsequenzen für den Anspruch der Wissenschaften, die Wirklichkeit auf rationale Weise zu verstehen. Die Fallstudien werden ergänzt durch grundsätzliche Überlegungen zum Verhältnis zwischen der Philosophie, den Wissenschaften und ihrer gemeinsamen Geschichte.

History --- Philosophy --- Science --- History. --- Philosophy. --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- History - Philosophy --- Philosophy - History --- Science - Philosophy